How To Set a Static IP on Ubuntu

In this article, we will explore two methods on how to set a static IP address on Ubuntu: by modifying the /etc/network/interfaces file and using the Network Manager GUI.

What is a Static IP?

A static IP address is a permanent Internet Protocol (IP) address assigned to a computing device. Unlike a dynamic IP address, which changes over time, a static IP address does not change.

Why Use a Static IP?

A static IP is essential for devices that need constant access, like servers and printers. This is because it allows other devices to reliably find and connect to the device with the static IP.

Method 1: Modifying /etc/network/interfaces File

This method is more suitable for servers or headless machines that do not have a graphical interface.

Step 1: Open a Terminal

Open a terminal by pressing Ctrl + Alt + T or by searching for ‘terminal’ in the application launcher.

Step 2: Switch to the Root User

Run the command sudo -i to switch to the root user. The sudo command allows you to run programs with the security privileges of another user (by default, the superuser). The -i (simulate initial login) option runs the shell specified by the password database entry of the target user as a login shell.

Step 3: Open the Network Interfaces File

Open the /etc/network/interfaces file using the command nano /etc/network/interfaces. The nano command opens the nano text editor, and /etc/network/interfaces is the path to the network interfaces file.

Step 4: Modify the Network Interfaces File

Add the following lines for your wifi LAN adapter:

# The wifi network interface
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
 address 192.168.0.87
 netmask 255.255.255.0
 network 192.168.0.0
 broadcast 192.168.0.255
 gateway 192.168.0.1
 dns-nameservers 192.168.0.1 8.8.8.8
 wpa-ssid <Your wifi network SSID>
 wpa-psk <Your hex encoded wifi WPA password>

In the above configuration:

• auto wlan0 brings the interface up at boot time.
• iface wlan0 inet static defines the network interface and method.
• address 192.168.0.87 is the static IP address you want to assign to your computer.
• netmask 255.255.255.0 is the subnet mask for your network.
• network 192.168.0.0 is the network address.
• broadcast 192.168.0.255 is the broadcast address.
• gateway 192.168.0.1 is the default gateway.
• dns-nameservers 192.168.0.1 8.8.8.8 are the DNS servers.
• wpa-ssid and wpa-psk are your WiFi details.

Step 5: Save and Exit

Press Ctrl + O to save the file and Ctrl + X to exit nano.

Step 6: Restart the Networking Service

Restart the networking service using the command sudo service networking restart.

Method 2: Using the Network Manager GUI

This method is more suitable for desktop users who prefer using a graphical interface.

Step 1: Open the Network Manager GUI

Open the Network Manager GUI. This can usually be found in the system tray or by searching for “Network” in the application launcher.

Step 2: Edit the Wifi Connection

Edit the wifi connection that you want to set a static IP for.

Step 3: Go to the IPv4 Tab

Go to the IPv4 tab.

Step 4: Set the Method to “Manual”

Set the Method to “Manual”.

Step 5: Enter the Network Information

Enter the following information:

• Address: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (your static IP address)
• Netmask: 24
• Gateway: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (your gateway address)
• DNS Server: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (your DNS server address)

Step 6: Save the Changes

Click “Apply” or “Save” to save the changes.

Conclusion

Setting a static IP address on Ubuntu is a straightforward process, whether you prefer using the command line or a graphical interface. Remember to replace the placeholder values with your actual network configuration. If you are still experiencing issues, double-check your network settings and ensure that your router is properly configured.